September 30, 2024
A stroke is a serious medical emergency affecting approximately 800,000 people in the United States annually, according to Dr. Terry Olivet, a retired cardiovascular surgeon from Tuscaloosa.
Olivet, who created the open-heart surgery program at DCH Regional Medical Center in Tuscaloosa in 1979, spoke in September about strokes and ways to prevent as part of the Mini Medical School lecture program.
The lectures are presented by University Medical Center health-care providers to members of The University of Alabama Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI). Mini Medical School lectures are also open to the public.
Olivet said a stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked or reduced.
“Symptoms of a stroke include weakness on one side of the body, speech difficulties, dizziness and loss of consciousness,” he said. “Risk factors for a stroke include high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes and carotid artery disease.” Other risk factors include sleep apnea, kidney disease and drug use.
There are two types of strokes, ischemic and hemorrhagic, but the most common is ischemic, Olivet said.
Ischemic strokes are caused by a blocked vessel in the brain or neck that reduces blood flow to the brain, which prevents brain tissue from getting needed oxygen and nutrients. Blocked blood vessels can be caused by fatty deposits that build up in those vessels.
Hemorrhagic strokes occur when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or bursts, causing bleeding inside the brain. Factors related to a hemorrhagic stroke include high blood pressure, overtreatment with blood thinners and head trauma.
Olivet said while strokes can happen to people of any age, the condition is mostly seen in those 55 years of age and older.
A healthy lifestyle – exercise, a healthy diet and managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels – can help reduce the risk of strokes. Regular checkups with a primary care provider are also important.
“If you or someone you suspect is having a stroke, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately,” Olivet said. “Don’t wait to see if symptoms stop. Every minute counts. The longer a stroke goes untreated, the greater the potential for brain damage and disability. If you’re with someone you suspect is having a stroke, watch the person carefully while waiting for emergency assistance.”
